Archaeologists use geophysical survey breeding to locate subterranean features. This case study discusses two techniques that depict this; electrical resistivity and magnetometer surveys. Sources used in my explore have been credited and specified in the bibliography.
Electrical beneathground Survey
Electrical resistivity surveys use the fact that different primer coat structures have different electrical resistivity; by utilise a twin probe array resistivity widget and Ohms law, it is possible to map underground features.
The twin probe array illustrated in Fig.1[i] - Radar Solutions (2010) comprises a DC position source, an ammeter and two electrode pairs, each with a current and potential electrode. The voltage of the power source is known, and the ammeter measures the current; the resistance stool be determined by applying Ohms law. One electrode pair, separated by 1 metre, is methodically manoeuvred around the survey site and readings record; the second pair is positioned 30-50m away. Variations in resistivity readings indicate features e.g. muffin walls black market to produce high resistivity; old ditches tend to produce low resistivity.
Ohms Law: V = IR
Fig.1 equalize array configuration
The results can be presented in graphs see fig.
2[ii] University of Liverpool (2006), in this case the ground disturbed when a pipe was set(p) is apparent, or 3D maps to show anomalies in the ground structure.
Fig.2 chart of systematic resistivity readings
Magnetometer Survey
The fluxgate magnetometer is the most pop with archaeologists; they can locate metal or burnt objects, under certain conditions can identify ditches or walls that have been buried, can survey large sites quickly and are comparatively inexpensive. Fig.3[iii] - realm Science (2009) shows the configuration of a fluxgate magnetometer.
Fig.3 Fluxgate magnetometer configuration
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