Uremia is the ensure in which renal function declines to the point that symptoms develop in multiple body systems.
oliguria, urinary output of less than cd ml/day.
develops over hours or days with progressive elevations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and potassium with or without oliguria.
Most ordinarily fol unkepts severe, prolonged hypotension or Hypovolemia or nephrotoxic element exposure.
Types:
Prerenal: due to factors external to the kidneys that reduce renal blood course & lead to decreased glomerular perfusion & filtration. These include hypovolemia, decreased cardiac output, decreased peripheral vascular resistance, vascular check, myocardial infarction, and burns.
-Oliguria occurs as the kidneys respond to the decreased blood flow by initiate the RAAS , which results in sodium and water conservation. Decreased renal perfusion overly decreases clearance of wastes (azotemia). As decreased perfusion continues, the kidneys lose their ability to lock up in compensatory mechanisms & intrarenal damage to renal tissue occurs.
-The result is low urine output, a rise in BUN & blood serum creatinine proportionate to each other (ratio > 10:1), and the inability of the kidneys to uphold sodium.
Intrarenal: conditions that cause direct damage to the renal tissue, resulting in afflicted nephron function. This is usually caused by prolonged ischemia, nephrotoxins (antibiotics, contrast media, aminoglycoside), hemoglobin from hemolyzed RBCs, or myoglobin from necrotic muscle cells. Nephrotoxins can cause obstruction of intrarenal structures by crystallization or actual damage to the epithelial cells of the tubules. Primary renal diseases such as acute glomerulonephritis and general lupus erythematosus may also cause ARF. Hemoglobin and myoglobin block the tubules...If you motivation to get a full essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com
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